The SARA-separation is an example of such group type analysis, separating the crude oils into four main chemical classes based on differences in solubility and polarity. The four SARA-fractions are saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes. The method is based on the sequential leaching of crude oil with different organic solvents and mixtures. Saturate hydrocarbons on percolation in an n – pentane eluant are not absorbed on activated silica. The saturate fraction of the oil is eluted from the column with n – pentane at 5mL/minute. The solvent is removed using a rotary vacuum evaporator to recover the saturate fraction. Aromatic hydrocarbons are adsorbed on activated silica in the presence of n – pentane and desorbed by toluene at 5mL/minute. The resin fraction of the oil is eluted from the chromatographic column using toluene – methanol solution. Asphaltene fraction is eluted with acetonitrile – methanol solution ...
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